1. a school of psychology that studies behavior through observation and experiment, rejecting introspection and focusing on stimulus-response relationships
Usage: also spelled behaviorism (U.S. English); academic/scientific context
2. the theory or practice of explaining human or animal conduct in terms of observable behavior rather than internal mental states or consciousness
Usage: broader philosophical or educational application

Examples

• Behaviourism emerged in the early 20th century as a reaction against introspective psychology.
• B.F. Skinner was a leading figure in the development of behaviourism.
• The teacher used principles of behaviourism to reinforce positive student behavior with rewards.
• Behaviourism emphasizes that learning occurs through conditioning and environmental factors.
• Critics argue that behaviourism ignores the role of thoughts and emotions in human behavior.
• Modern psychology has moved beyond strict behaviourism to incorporate cognitive approaches.